Sansa Law Desk

India enacted the Mediation Act, 2023 (No. 32 of 2023), receiving Presidential assent on 14 September 2023, marking a watershed moment in the country's alternative dispute resolution landscape. For decades, mediation in India operated without a dedicated statutory framework — parties relied on the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 or court-annexed mediation under the Code of Civil Procedure. The Mediation Act, 2023 changes this entirely by establishing mediation as a sta

After years of anticipation, India's Four Labour Codes came into force on 21 November 2025, replacing 29 legacy labour laws with a consolidated framework across four pillars: the Code on Wages, 2019; the Industrial Relations Code, 2020; the Social Security Code, 2020; and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020. This is the most sweeping reform of India's labour law architecture since Independence. While the Central Government has enacted the Codes,

Deepfakes — AI-generated videos, images, and audio that convincingly impersonate real people — have become one of the most serious emerging threats to personal dignity, electoral integrity, and corporate reputation in India. India does not yet have standalone deepfake legislation, but the legal framework has evolved rapidly. The Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, notified by MeitY on 10 February 2026 and effective f