General Legal

The Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2026 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on March 25, 2026. The Bill proposes significant changes to the framework governing how non-governmental organisations, trusts, societies, and other non-profit entities in India receive, hold, and utilise foreign contributions. The amendments affect registration, sub-granting, asset management, personal liability of key functionaries, and penalties. For any organisation that receives or

The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is one of the oldest and most contested questions in Indian constitutional law. Article 44 of the Constitution directs the State to endeavour to secure a uniform civil code for citizens throughout the territory of India, placing it among the Directive Principles of State Policy. Uttarakhand became the first state to enact and implement a UCC in January 2025. By early 2026, the state had enacted an amending ordinance to refine its operation, and ot

In December 2025, the Indian government introduced one of the most ambitious pieces of financial legislation in decades: the Securities Markets Code, 2025. This single statute proposes to consolidate and replace the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (SEBI Act), the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (SCRA), and the Depositories Act, 1996. The Code, currently moving through Parliament, is designed to create a unified, modern, and principled legal framew

India's Competition Act 2002 prohibits anti-competitive conduct that distorts market dynamics and harms consumers and competitors. Section 4 specifically addresses abuse of dominant position, a critical enforcement area for the Competition Commission of India (CCI). Dominant firms have special responsibility not to engage in practices that foreclose competition or exploit customers. Understanding Section 4 is essential for large enterprises, market leaders, and technology com

India's pharmaceutical industry is among the world's largest, supplying medicines globally while serving domestic healthcare needs. This prominence exists within a rigorous regulatory framework established by the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940. Despite its 1940 enactment, the Act remains the primary legislation governing drug manufacturing, licensing, import, and quality standards. Amendments and rules have continuously modernized it, including stringent GMP (Good Manufacturing

For decades, India's space sector was the exclusive domain of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The India Space Policy 2023 fundamentally changed this landscape by opening space activities to private enterprises. This policy shift creates unprecedented opportunities for technology companies, satellite manufacturers, and launch service providers while introducing a new regulatory framework. This article outlines how IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Au

India's nuclear energy sector operated as a state monopoly for 63 years. The Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India Act, 2025 (SHANTI Act) changes that. Passed by both Houses of Parliament in December 2025 and brought into force on December 21, 2025, the Act repeals two foundational statutes: the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010. In their place, it creates a single consolidated legal framewor

India's data protection regime is entering a critical transition period. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023, along with the Data Protection Rules 2025 notified in November 2025, establishes a two-phase implementation roadmap. Phase 1, already underway, focuses on core notice and consent obligations and breach reporting requirements. Phase 2, commencing in November 2026, introduces the Consent Manager framework, a novel intermediary institution that will mediate dat

Non-compete clauses in employment contracts occupy an important but legally constrained position in Indian labor law. These clauses restrict employees from engaging in competing business activities during or after employment. However, Indian law strictly limits enforceability of post-employment non-competes to protect employee mobility rights and economic freedom. Understanding the legal framework governing non-competes is essential for employers seeking legitimate competitiv

The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill 2026 marks a significant development in Indian law affecting the rights, recognition, and protections available to transgender individuals. This amendment builds upon the foundational Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, addressing gaps identified through judicial pronouncements and civil society feedback. Understanding the key changes is essential for legal professionals, HR departments, education

Launching a startup in India requires navigating multiple legal and regulatory frameworks, and getting the foundation right is critical to your future success. From incorporation to tax registration, intellectual property protection to compliance with modern data protection laws, there are numerous boxes to check before you can focus fully on scaling your business. Many promising startups face avoidable legal disputes, tax penalties, or regulatory setbacks simply because they

Episode 1: Lets start at the beginning, The Advocates Act Welcome to the first Pilot Episode of Couple of Lawyers: Arguments & Thought....