Sansa Law Desk

The Supreme Court of India, in its recent judgment in S. Sangeetha v. Tmt. P. Ponni (Neutral Citation: 2026 INSC 813), has reaffirmed a fundamental principle of the law of evidence: the mere marking of a document as an exhibit does not constitute proof of its contents. The Bench comprising Justice Sanjay Karol and Justice Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh delivered this ruling on August 7, 2026, while dealing with a civil appeal arising from testamentary proceedings before the Madr

How to File a Second Appeal in a Civil Case Under Section 100 CPC in India In India's civil justice system, parties who lose at the trial court level may file a first appeal. If the first appellate court also rules against them, a second appeal can be filed before the High Court under Section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC). This remedy is not available as a matter of course; it is permitted only when the case involves a substantial question of law. Following t

Introduction Public nuisance is a legal concept that addresses acts or omissions causing widespread harm, danger, or annoyance to the general public. Whether it involves illegal dumping of waste, excessive noise from a factory, obstruction of public roads, or the operation of a hazardous trade in a residential area, Indian law provides multiple remedies for affected citizens. With the enactment of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) and the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (B

Corruption and misuse of power by public servants remain significant challenges in India. To address this, the Indian Parliament enacted the Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014 (Act No. 17 of 2014), which received Presidential assent on May 9, 2014. This landmark legislation establishes a mechanism for individuals to report corruption, misuse of power, and criminal offences committed by public servants, while also providing legal safeguards against victimization and retaliat

The Employees' State Insurance (ESI) Act, 1948 is a social security legislation that provides a comprehensive package of medical and cash benefits to employees and their dependants in case of sickness, maternity, disablement, or death arising out of employment. The scheme is administered by the Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) and covers establishments with 10 or more employees where workers earn up to Rs. 21,000 per month (Rs. 25,000 for employees with disabilit

Receiving a notice under Section 13(2) of the SARFAESI Act, 2002 (Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act) can be alarming for any borrower. This is a formal demand from your bank requiring you to repay outstanding dues within 60 days, failing which the bank may take possession of your secured assets or sell them to recover the debt. However, borrowers have specific rights under the SARFAESI Act, and responding properly c

The Supreme Court on August 6, 2026, indicated that it may transfer the investigation into the Tamil Nadu Directorate of Vigilance and Anti-Corruption (DVAC) bribery case against Enforcement Directorate (ED) officer Ankit Tiwari to an independent central investigating agency, while making it clear that it would not vacate the stay on the State's proceedings. A bench headed by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant was hearing a writ petition (W.P.(Crl.) No. 23/2024) filed by the E

If your GST registration has been cancelled by a tax officer due to non-filing of returns, non-compliance, or any other reason under Section 29 of the Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) Act, 2017, you have the right to apply for revocation of that cancellation under Section 30 of the CGST Act. Revocation restores your GSTIN and allows you to resume filing returns and conducting business as a registered taxpayer. However, you must file your application within the prescribed

In a case with major implications for data privacy and cybersecurity in India, the Supreme Court on August 6, 2026, issued notice on a petition filed by Vitraya Technologies Pvt. Ltd. seeking a CBI or court-monitored Special Investigation Team (SIT) probe into the alleged hacking and theft of personal and medical data of approximately 1.5 lakh Indian citizens. The data was allegedly routed to a server located in Singapore, raising serious national security and privacy concern

The Supreme Court on August 6, 2026, refused to grant interim bail on medical grounds to self-styled godman Asaram Bapu (formally known as Asha Ram alias Ashumal), who is serving a life sentence for the rape of a minor devotee. However, the Court permitted him to have a trained caretaker of his choice on a round-the-clock basis inside the jail, in line with a medical report submitted by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS). A bench of Justices MM Sundresh and P

If you have a grievance against a stockbroker, listed company, mutual fund, depository participant, or any other SEBI-registered intermediary, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) provides a dedicated online platform called SCORES (SEBI Complaint Redress System) for filing and tracking investor complaints. The upgraded SCORES 2.0 portal, launched in April 2024, introduced auto-routing of complaints, reduced resolution timelines to 21 calendar days, and added a tw

The Supreme Court on August 6, 2026, stayed the arrest of Sumit Roy, the Personal Assistant of Trinamool Congress (TMC) Member of Parliament Abhishek Banerjee, in connection with the Salboni land-grabbing case in West Bengal. While granting interim protection from arrest, the Court directed Roy to fully cooperate with the ongoing investigation and remain available for questioning between 10:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. with usual breaks. A bench comprising Chief Justice of India Sur

The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013, commonly known as the POSH Act, provides a structured legal mechanism for women to seek redress against sexual harassment at the workplace. The Act mandates the creation of Internal Complaints Committees (ICCs) and Local Complaints Committees (LCCs) to receive and inquire into complaints. Whether you work in a private company, a government office, or any other organized or unorganiz

The Supreme Court on August 6, 2026, held that the "washed-off theory," which wipes out adverse entries from a government employee's record upon promotion, has no application when the competent authority is assessing the employee's suitability for continued retention in service. In a significant ruling for public sector employers, the Court upheld the compulsory retirement of a former CISF (Central Industrial Security Force) personnel, reaffirming the employer's right to cons

When the government acquires private land for public purposes such as infrastructure, industrial corridors, or affordable housing, the landowner is entitled to fair compensation under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (commonly called the RFCTLARR Act or the Land Acquisition Act, 2013). This Act replaced the colonial-era Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and introduced significant protections for landowne