Sansa Law Desk

A Landmark Ruling on AI and Judicial Integrity On July 2, 2026, the Supreme Court of India delivered a landmark judgment that sent shockwaves through the legal community. A bench comprising Justice PS Narasimha and Justice Alok Aradhe set aside orders passed by the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) after discovering that both forums had relied on non-existent, AI-generated "hallucinated" judicial precedents while adju

The RBI's anti-mis-selling framework, effective July 1, 2026, gives bank customers concrete rights when they have been sold inappropriate financial products. If a bank has sold you a product that does not match your needs, income level, or risk appetite, or if you were enrolled in a product without your explicit consent, you are entitled to a full refund, cancellation of the sale, and compensation for losses. This guide explains how to exercise these rights step by step. Step

A well-drafted arbitration clause can save parties months of litigation and significant costs. A poorly drafted one can lead to jurisdictional disputes, challenges to the tribunal's authority, and enforceability issues that may ultimately require court intervention. Under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, which governs arbitration in India, the quality of the arbitration clause directly determines the efficiency and effectiveness of the dispute resolution process. T

An inflated or wrong electricity bill is one of the most common consumer grievances in India, and the law provides a dedicated, largely free ladder of remedies. Under Section 42(5) of the Electricity Act 2003, every distribution licensee must establish a Consumer Grievance Redressal Forum (CGRF), and under Section 42(6) a consumer dissatisfied with the forum's decision can go to the Electricity Ombudsman appointed by the State Electricity Regulatory Commission. This guide exp

The deadline for filing Income Tax Returns (ITR) for the financial year 2025-26 is July 31, 2026. Whether you are a salaried individual filing ITR-1 or someone with capital gains and foreign assets filing ITR-2, completing your return on time avoids penalties and interest charges. This guide walks through the entire process, from gathering documents to final submission on the income tax e-filing portal. Step 1: Determine Which ITR Form Applies to You Before beginning the fili

12A and 80G registration under the Income Tax Act 1961 are the two approvals that make an Indian NGO financially viable. Registration under Section 12A, now granted under the Section 12AB regime, exempts the NGO's own income from tax, while 80G approval lets donors claim a deduction for their donations, which dramatically improves fundraising. Both are applied for online through the income tax e-filing portal. This guide explains the current process: provisional registration

The Supreme Court of India released Draft Regulations for Artificial Intelligence in Courts on June 3, 2026. Prepared by the Supreme Court's Artificial Intelligence Committee, the draft establishes a governance framework for how AI tools may be used within the Indian judicial system. The regulations apply to all Indian courts, including subordinate courts, district tribunals, and statutory adjudicatory bodies, making this one of the most comprehensive judicial AI governance f

A fire NOC, or fire safety certificate, is a no objection certificate issued by the State Fire Services Department confirming that a building meets fire prevention and life safety standards. If you are constructing or operating a high rise, hospital, school, hotel, mall, factory or assembly building, knowing how to get a fire NOC in India is essential: municipal authorities typically insist on it before granting an occupancy certificate, and many trade and operating licences

The Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2026 has introduced significant changes to railway penalties by amending the Railways Act, 1989. Effective from July 2026, these amendments double the minimum penalty for ticketless travel and introduce new monetary penalties for activities such as unauthorized hawking, vending without a licence, and begging within railway premises. The changes reflect a broader legislative philosophy of replacing criminal prosecution with admini

An error in your CIBIL report can sink a loan application even when you have never missed a payment. Wrong personal details, accounts that do not belong to you, closed loans shown as active, incorrect overdue amounts and unauthorised inquiries are all common. The law gives you a free, structured dispute process to correct errors in your CIBIL report, backed by the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act 2005 (CICRA) and RBI directions that require disputes to be resolve

The Reserve Bank of India's comprehensive anti-mis-selling framework for banks came into effect on July 1, 2026. This framework represents a fundamental shift in how financial products are sold to retail customers in India, imposing strict obligations on banks regarding product suitability, consent mechanisms, and customer remediation. Banks that fail to comply face mandatory refund obligations and regulatory action. The framework addresses persistent complaints about banks s

Wondering how to reply to an income tax notice in India? Most notices are routine and can be answered online within minutes through the e-Proceedings facility on the income tax portal. What matters is identifying which section the notice is issued under, because that determines what the department wants and how much time you have to respond. Ignoring a notice is the one option that always makes things worse, since it can lead to a best judgment assessment, penalties or an inv

The Supreme Court of India, in Rashmirekha Tripathy v Branch Manager, Sriram General Insurance (2026 INSC 661), has laid down detailed guidelines for how courts should assess the income of victims in motor accident compensation cases. The decision addresses a longstanding inconsistency in how Motor Accident Claims Tribunals (MACTs) and High Courts have approached income determination, particularly when Income Tax Returns (ITRs) are the primary evidence available. The ruling e

The Delhi High Court has ruled that the National Stock Exchange (NSE) is a public authority under the RTI Act, which means citizens can seek information from India's largest stock exchange under the Right to Information framework. A division bench delivered the ruling on July 1, 2026 in an appeal titled National Stock Exchange of India Ltd versus Central Information Commission, dismissing the exchange's challenge to an earlier single judge decision. The Court held that the NS

The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has revised Indian passport fees for the first time in 14 years. The new rates, introduced through the Passports (Amendment) Rules, 2026, took effect on July 1, 2026, replacing the fee structure that had remained unchanged since 2012. The revision covers all categories of passports, Police Clearance Certificates, and related services, with increases ranging from 60% to 75% depending on the document type. This article breaks down the new