Sansa Law Desk

The Supreme Court has upheld a Delhi High Court ruling that a bar association is not 'State' under Article 12 of the Constitution and is therefore not amenable to writ jurisdiction. A Bench of Justice P.S. Narasimha and Justice Aravind Kumar dismissed the special leave petition filed by advocate Sangita Rai against the New Delhi Bar Association and imposed costs, settling a question that recurs whenever members seek to enforce rights against their professional associations th

The Bombay High Court has reaffirmed that a wife can be entitled to maintenance even where the husband claims he personally committed no act of cruelty against her. Deciding a husband's revision petition, Justice Urmila Joshi-Phalke of the Nagpur Bench held that ill-treatment within the matrimonial home can justify a wife living separately and claiming maintenance under Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, even if the husband did not himself commit every act o

The Supreme Court has ruled that a married daughter cannot be excluded from compassionate appointment or a welfare benefit merely because of her marital status. In Kulsum Nisha v. State of Uttar Pradesh (2026 INSC 617), decided on 2 June 2026, a Bench of Justice P.S. Narasimha and Justice Alok Aradhe set aside a view of the Allahabad High Court that the definition of family did not include a married daughter. The Court held that such exclusion is founded on marital status and

Filing a First Information Report (FIR) in India is now governed by Section 173 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, which replaced Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The BNSS has introduced two significant reforms: the statutory codification of the zero FIR (allowing filing at any police station regardless of jurisdiction) and the formal recognition of electronic FIR (e-FIR) filing. This guide explains the complete process for filing an FIR onl

The first advance tax installment under the Income Tax Act, 2025, is due on June 15, 2026. This is the first advance tax cycle operating entirely under the new Act, which replaced the Income Tax Act, 1961, with effect from April 1, 2026 (Tax Year 2026-27). The advance tax framework is set out in Sections 403 to 405 of the new Act, with the quarterly installment schedule remaining unchanged from the previous regime. This guide explains who must pay, how to calculate the amount

Registering a partnership firm in India is governed by the Indian Partnership Act, 1932. While registration is not legally mandatory, operating as an unregistered firm comes with significant disadvantages, including the inability to file suits against third parties in any court. This guide covers the complete registration process, the documents required, the costs involved, and the legal consequences of remaining unregistered. Why Registration Matters Under Section 69 of the

Applying for bail in India is now governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, which replaced the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) with effect from July 1, 2024. The bail provisions are set out in Sections 478 to 484 of the BNSS. This guide explains the step-by-step process for obtaining regular bail, the types of bail available, the documents required, and the rights of accused persons during the bail process. Types of Bail Under BNSS 2023 The BNSS recog

Filing a defamation case in India is governed by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, which replaced the Indian Penal Code with effect from July 1, 2024. Defamation under Indian law has both criminal and civil dimensions: the criminal route provides for punishment of the offender, while the civil route allows the aggrieved person to claim monetary compensation. This guide covers both pathways, including the relevant sections, process, time limits, and key considerations.

The Supreme Court of India has declined a plea seeking the conduct of the rescheduled NEET UG 2026 examination through computer-based testing (CBT) mode, ruling that the re-examination scheduled for June 21, 2026, will proceed in the offline pen-and-paper format. The bench of Justice P.S. Narasimha and Justice Aravind Kumar, while refusing to interfere with the examination logistics at this stage, made pointed observations about the accountability failures of the National Tes

India's Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act, 2025 (PROGA), which received Presidential assent on August 22, 2025, came into full force on May 1, 2026, following the notification of the Online Gaming Rules, 2026, by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) on April 22, 2026. The Act imposes a comprehensive ban on all forms of online money games in India, regardless of whether the game involves skill, chance, or a combination of both. What the Ac

The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has implemented a significant anti-fraud measure for UPI transactions, effective June 1, 2026. Under the new rule, all UPI applications must display only the recipient's official bank-registered name on the final confirmation screen before a payment is authorised. This applies to both person-to-person (P2P) and person-to-merchant (P2M) transactions, replacing custom names and aliases that were previously displayed. How the New

The Reserve Bank of India's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), chaired by Governor Sanjay Malhotra, is scheduled to meet from June 3 to June 5, 2026, with the final policy decision expected on the morning of June 5. The repo rate currently stands at 5.25 percent following a cumulative 125 basis points of rate cuts since February 2025. Markets are closely watching whether the MPC will hold rates steady for a third consecutive meeting or deliver another cut amid global uncertaint

The Supreme Court of India has delivered a landmark ruling in Prajwala v. Union of India (2026 INSC 609), holding that voluntary adult sex workers cannot be forcibly rescued or detained against their will under the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 (ITPA). The judgment, delivered by Justice J.B. Pardiwala and Justice R. Mahadevan, draws a clear line between sex trafficking and consensual adult sex work, establishing new nationwide guidelines for how law enforcement agenc

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has issued revised nomination rules for demat accounts and mutual fund folios, effective from September 1, 2026. Under the new framework, single-holder investors opening new demat accounts or mutual fund folios must either nominate a beneficiary or formally opt out of nomination. The changes are designed to reduce unclaimed financial assets in India, simplify the nomination process, and give investors more flexibility. Here is

Being arrested is one of the most frightening experiences a person can face. In India, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, which replaced the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) with effect from July 1, 2024, sets out the rights of every arrested person and the duties of every police officer making an arrest. Knowing these rights is not just useful for the person arrested; it is essential for their family members who must act quickly in the immediate aftermath.