Sansa Law Desk

The Supreme Court of India, in a significant ruling delivered in March 2026, reaffirmed and clarified the constitutional and statutory standards governing the dismissal of government servants. The judgment addresses the scope of disciplinary authority, the procedural safeguards required under Article 311 of the Constitution, and the extent to which courts may interfere with departmental decisions. The ruling has important implications for central and state government employee

The Supreme Court of India issued a landmark ruling in early 2026 reinforcing the rights of persons with disabilities in public employment and appointments. The judgment interprets the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 in the context of government recruitment, examinations, and reasonable accommodation obligations. It addresses long-standing grievances about inadequate reservation implementation, discriminatory eligibility criteria, and the failure of public employ

Transfer pricing is one of the most complex and contentious areas of Indian tax law, governing transactions between related parties in different tax jurisdictions. The Income Tax Act 1961 and the Income Tax Rules 1962 require that such transactions be conducted at arm's length prices, with elaborate documentation and reporting obligations. The Central Board of Direct Taxes periodically revises the safe harbour rules that allow eligible taxpayers to avoid the expense and uncer

India's approach to regulating AI-generated content, deepfakes, and other forms of synthetic media has crystallised significantly in 2026 through amendments to the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules 2021. These amendments impose specific obligations on social media intermediaries and other digital service providers regarding the labelling, detection, and removal of AI-generated or manipulated content. The regulatory shift refl

The Directorate General of Civil Aviation has issued revised Civil Aviation Requirements in 2026 that substantially strengthen the rights of airline passengers in India. These rules address long-standing grievances about flight cancellations, delays, denied boarding due to overbooking, and the handling of passenger complaints. The 2026 revisions build on the existing CAR on air transport services and align India's passenger protection framework more closely with international

India's labour law landscape underwent its most significant transformation in decades when the central government consolidated 29 central labour laws into four Labour Codes: the Code on Wages 2019, the Industrial Relations Code 2020, the Code on Social Security 2020, and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code 2020. As of 2026, most major states have notified their corresponding rules, making the practical compliance landscape substantially clearer for emp

The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board has issued the Natural Gas Supply Regulation Order 2026, introducing significant changes to the framework governing natural gas supply, pricing, and access to pipeline infrastructure in India. The Order addresses concerns about access to gas infrastructure, the allocation of domestic gas to priority sectors, and the terms on which city gas distribution entities supply gas to commercial and industrial consumers. Understanding the

India's framework for the management of solid waste has been substantially revised through the Solid Waste Management (Amendment) Rules 2026, issued under the Environment Protection Act 1986. These amendments build on the foundational Solid Waste Management Rules 2016, address the rapid growth in municipal solid waste generation across urban and peri-urban areas, and introduce more demanding obligations for bulk waste generators and strengthen the extended producer responsibi

A Share Purchase Agreement (SPA) is the cornerstone of any share acquisition in India. It is the binding contract between buyer and seller that governs the transfer of ownership, allocates risk, and sets the terms of payment. Understanding SPAs is essential for anyone involved in buying or selling a company's equity or shares in an Indian corporate entity. Structure and Essential Components of an SPA An SPA typically opens with representations and warranties from the seller

On March 6, 2026, SEBI issued Circular HO/24/12/12(5)2026-IMD-SEC-1/I/6373/2026 introducing a new mutual fund debit freeze facility. This voluntary measure empowers investors to freeze redemption transactions in their mutual fund folios, protecting against unauthorized withdrawals, fraud, and identity theft. The facility is a significant step in investor protection. How the Debit Freeze Works The debit freeze is a voluntary facility allowing mutual fund investors to lock the

The Prevention of Corruption Act 1988 is India's primary statute addressing public sector corruption. The 2018 amendment brought a landmark change: it made the bribe-giver criminally liable, not just the public servant accepting the bribe. This shift fundamentally altered the anti-corruption landscape and has major implications for businesses and individuals dealing with government. The 2018 Amendment: Criminalizing the Bribe-Giver Before 2018, Section 7 of the Prevention of

The Hindu Succession Act 1956, as amended in 2005, fundamentally transformed property rights in Hindu families. Daughters now have equal coparcenary rights in ancestral property, meaning they inherit and own shares alongside sons. The Supreme Court's landmark decision in Vinita Sharma v. Rakesh Sharma (2020) clarified that this amendment applies retroactively, benefiting daughters regardless of whether their father was alive on the amendment date. The 2005 Amendment and Copa

Anticipatory bail is a crucial safeguard in Indian criminal procedure. When someone apprehends imminent arrest, they can apply to a court for bail in advance. Under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) 2023, which replaced the Criminal Procedure Code, this remedy is codified in Section 482. Understanding when courts grant anticipatory bail and what conditions they impose is essential for anyone facing potential criminal charges. What Is Anticipatory Bail and Jurisdi

Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) 1999 and RBI (Reserve Bank of India) Master Directions govern how Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Overseas Citizens of India (OCIs) can acquire, hold, and dispose of property in India. Understanding these rules is essential for NRIs managing real estate investments, inheritance, and financial planning in their homeland. Definitions and Types of NRIs and OCIs An NRI (Non-Resident Indian) is defined as an Indian citizen who resides outsid

The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill 2026 was introduced in the Lok Sabha in March 2026, proposing several changes to the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2019. The original Act was the subject of sustained criticism from transgender rights organisations and legal scholars, who argued that its definition, certificate-based recognition process, and some provisions fell short of the constitutional standards affirmed by the Supreme Court in